Among the government witnesses to testify against him was his former trusted espionage assistant, Lieutenant Colonel Reino Hayhanen. The Irish American New York lawyer who defended a Russian spy, and negotiated on behalf of the thousands of prisoners captured after the failed Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba, is remembered by his daughter Jan. It can often appear that the lives of individuals depicted on the silver screen are too fantastic to be real. The moment his eyes fell upon a picture of Mikhail Nikolaevich Svirin, Hayhanen straightened up in his chair and announced, Thats the one. An investigation which had started with a newsboys hollow nickel ultimately resulted in the smashing of a Soviet spy ring. [27] Kayotis had applied for and received a visa to visit the Soviet Union. He later served in an instructional role before taking part in intelligence operations against the Germans during World War II. In a jealous rage, Cain murdered Abel. In 1948, Fisher slipped into the United States illegally by way of Canada. In 2008, Yuri Linkevich shot the documentary "Unknown Abel". In exchange for asylum, he promised CIA agents he could help expose a major Soviet spy network in the United States and identify its director. Rudolf Abel, was convicted of espionage in the United States in 1957 and later exchanged for imprisoned American Francis Gary Powers. [2][50], On 15 June 1957, Hyhnen was shown a photograph of Fisher taken by the FBI with a hidden camera. While in Moscow, Fisher informed his superiors of his dissatisfaction with Hyhnen. During his career as a soviet spy, Mark also had used many other nabel in addition to the ones cited above. On July 15, 1947, Andrew Kayotis, then residing in Detroit, was issued a passport so that he could visit relatives in Europe. In 1949, Hyhnen freely obtained Maki's birth certificate. Roughly halfway through his journey, he was shot down over Sverdlovsk in the Ural Mountains. Investigation in Detroit disclosed that several persons there considered Kayotis to be in poor physical condition at the time of his departure from the United States. He was awarded a little pension and released KGB -approved memoirs in 1968. On May 7, the United States acknowledged that the U-2 had probably flown over Soviet territory but denied that it had authorized the mission. Answer (1 of 4): Rudolf Abel fell victim to poor selection of a helper, if it was not enemy conspiracy in Moscow. This man was followed down Fulton Street to a nearby subway station. With the end of this war in 1940, Hayhanen was assigned to check the loyalty and reliability of Soviet workers in Finland and to develop informants and sources of information in their midst. He died in 1971 at the age of 68. However, at the first session, the summit collapsed after President Dwight D. Eisenhower refused to apologize to Khrushchev for the U-2 incident. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. [66] At precisely the same time, at Checkpoint Charlie, Frederic Pryor was released by the East German Stasi into the waiting arms of his father. Two hollow pennies were found in Washington, D.C. [30] Fisher spent most of his first year organizing his network. [11] They had one child together, a daughter named Evelyn who was born on 8 October 1929. Near the tavern, he was told, he would find a signpost marked Horse Carts, You will let Mikhail know of your arrival by placing a red thumb tack in this signpost, a Soviet official told him. For the past five years, I have been operating in the United States. He displayed a birth certificate from the state of Idaho which showed that he was born in Enaville on May 30, 1919, and, in the presence of a Vice Consul, he executed an affidavit in which he explained that his family had left the United States in 1928: I accompanied my mother to Estonia when I was eight years of age and resided with her until her death in 1941. This false build up, of course, was merely part of Hayhanens preparation for a new espionage assignment. In October 1948, using a Soviet passport, he travelled from Leningradsky Station to Warsaw. Mark made another admissionthat he was a Russian citizen, Rudolf Ivanovich Abel, born July 2, 1902 in the Soviet Union. Why, weve never seen a hollow coinor, for that matter, even heard of one before.. The court sentenced Abel to 30 years imprisonment. The agents immediately suspected that they had found a coded espionage message. As a precaution, Fisher was ordered to leave the United States. 39. [2] The prosecution failed to find any other alleged members of Fisher's spy network, if there were any. The four powers were to discuss tensions in the two Germanys and negotiate new disarmament treaties. He did, however, remember being taken to a storage room in Brooklyn by his superior, whom he knew as Mark. The FBI tracked down the storage room and found it was rented by one Emil R. Goldfus, an artist and photographer who had a studio in Brooklyn Heights. Rudolf Abel was born William August Fisher on July 11, 1903, in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Shortly afterwards Fisher was ordered to reactivate the "Volunteer" network to smuggle atomic secrets to Russia. On June 21, 1957, he was arrested by the FBI, and on October 25, 1957, a federal district court in Brooklyn found him guilty of espionage, relying in part on testimony by Soviet Lieutenant Colonel Reino Hayhanen, who had defected to the West and who stated that he had been Abels chief coconspirator in the United States. President John F. Kennedy commuted Abels sentence, and, on February 10, 1962, in a ceremony on a bridge between West Berlin and East Germany (Potsdam), Abel was exchanged for Powers and Frederic L. Pryor, an American student who had been held without charge in East Germany since August 1961. Encouraging their son's love of music, Fisher's parents gave him piano lessons; he also learned to play the guitar. Back in the Soviet Union, he lectured on his experiences. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. Two days later, on June 24, 1953, during a discussion of another investigation, a detective of the New York City Police Department told an FBI agent about the strange hollow nickel which, he had heard, was discovered by a Brooklyn youth. They contained shortwave radios, cipher pads, cameras and film for producing microdots, a hollow shaving brush, cuff links, and numerous other trick containers. Want to read all 2 pages? [7] Revolutionaries of the Tsarist era, his father was of German origins and his mother was of Russian descent. However, on 21 October 1952, as instructed by Moscow, Reino Hyhnen left a thumbtack on a signpost in New York's Central Park. Rudolf Abel was arrested while undercover in the U.S. On February 10, 1962 it was exchanged in Berlin. Why does the Government what James Donovan to negotiate the Trade? \$523.89 -\$154.79 $523.89$154 . Mikhail, the Soviet with whom Hayhanen maintained contact from the fall of 1952 until early 1954, was yet to be identified. [32] Fisher was relieved when the Rosenbergs did not disclose any information about him to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), but the arrests heralded a bleak outlook for his new spy network. He eventually became fluent in several languages and developed a love for radio communications. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Sorry, Jimmy, she said. As the search for the source of the hollow nickel expanded across the United States, hollow subway tokens, trick coins, and similar objects were submitted to the FBI Laboratory by agents in various parts of the country. The face of the coin was a 1948 Jefferson nickel. On the evening of Monday, June 22, 1953, a delivery boy for the Brooklyn Eagle knocked on the door of one of his customers in the apartment building at 3403 Foster Avenue in Brooklyn. He occasionally met with Reino Hyhnen, another Soviet agent residing in New York. [10] Having been adopted as a protg by Pavel Sudoplatov, he took part in Operation Scherhorn ( , Operatsiya Berezino) in August 1944. Abel returned to Moscow, where the KGB pushed him into retirement, fearing that he had been persuaded to become a double agent during his five years in captivity by American authorities. Enter a date in the format M/D (e.g., 1/1), The Spy Who Kept the Cold War From Boiling Over, https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spies-swapped, Iconic child star Shirley Temple dies at 85, Laura Ingalls Wilder, chronicler of American frontier life, dies, World chess champion Garry Kasparov loses game to computer, Final episode of Arrested Development airs on Fox, Auto safety crusader Ralph Nader testifies before Congress. Frederic LeRoy Pryor (April 23, 1933 - September 2, 2019) was an American economist. Fisher was born and grew up in Newcastle upon Tyne in the North of England in the United Kingdom to Russian migr parents. None could recall seeing a nickel or other coin quite like this one. His parents Heinrich and Lyubov were Bolshevik supporters from Russia, and young Fisher helped his father by distributing "Hands Off Russia" literature during World War I. Upon his return to New York in 1956, he found that his carefully constructed network had been left to disintegrate in his absence. By pooling the coins in their pocketbooks, they were able to give the newsboy change for a dollar. The real Eugene Nicolai Maki was born in Enaville, Idaho on May 30, 1919. Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: Rudolf Abel, Birth Year: 1903, Birth date: July 11, 1903, Birth City: Newcastle Upon Tyne, Birth Country: England. However, Hyhnen performed his duties poorly, and when he was recalled to the Soviet Union in 1957, he instead fled to the U.S. Embassy in Paris and revealed his secrets. One of these dead drops was an iron picket fence at the end of 7th Avenue near Macombs bridge. He wanted to defectto desert the Soviet camp. Hollow Nickel/Rudolf Abel One of the nation's most fascinatingand ultimately significantspy cases began in the summer of 1953, when a Brooklyn newspaper boy dropped a nickel he had just. Although the FBI was convinced that it had finally identified the Soviet espionage apparatus which was responsible for the hollow Jefferson nickel, only one half of the mystery posed by this coin since its discovery in June 1953 had been solved. Svirin had been in and out of the United States on several occasions between 1939 and 1956. Donovan had played an important role in the negotiations that led to the swap. Kayotis had been in poor health and died while visiting relatives in Vilnius, Lithuania. [41] Fisher sometimes related made-up stories of previous lives, as a Boston accountant and a lumberjack in the Pacific Northwest. [17], Fluent in English, Russian, German, Polish and Yiddish,[18] Fisher worked for the Comintern as a translator following his family's return to the Soviet Union. It is an absolute necessity. However, prior to opening the coin Hyhnen had misplaced it, either buying a newspaper with it or using it as a subway token. In the intelligence and counterintelligence field, patience is more than a virtue. William Ghenrihovici Fischer. ENCIPHER SHORT LETTERS, BUT THE LONGER ONES MAKE WITH INSERTIONS. The two men were brought to separate sides of the Glienicker Bridge, which connects East and West Berlin across Lake Wannsee. On November 15, 1957, Brooklyn judge Mortimer W. Byers sentenced Soviet spy Rudolf Abel to consecutive terms of 30, 10, and 5 years in prison and fined him $3,000. He was tried in a federal court in Brooklyn and in October was found guilty on three counts of espionage and sentenced to 30 years imprisonment. He was dismissed from the agency during the Great Purge of the late 1930s, but he returned to its service after the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. Why? While it is not known for certain where Fisher went or what he did, it is believed he travelled to Santa Fe, New Mexico, the collection point for stolen diagrams from the Manhattan Project. Since the FBI Laboratory maintains a reference file concerning typewriters manufactured in the United States, a foreign-made typewriter undoubtedly was involved. He was given a modest pension and in 1968 published KGB-approved memoirs. In the R of the word TRUST, there was a tiny holeobviously drilled there so that a fine needle or other small instrument could be inserted to force the nickel open. In 1962, he was. Rudolf Ivanovich Abel (Russian: ), real name William August Fisher (11 July 1903 15 November 1971), was a Soviet intelligence officer. From the long list of possible suspects, the most logical candidate appeared to be Mikhail Nikolaevich Svirin. WE WISH YOU SUCCESS. The bolt was about two inches long and one-fourth inch in diameter. Upon opening the coin a square of microfilm was revealed. EVERYTHING IS ALL RIGHT WITH THE FAMILY. It had been placed in the dead drop about two years previously, but, by a trick of fate, a repair crew had filled the hole in the stairs with cement, entombing the bolt and the message it contained. After leaving the United States, the Maki family settled in Estonia. spies," is based on the story of rudolf abel, arrested in new york city, convicted, and exchanged for u.s. biplane pilot. [5] Trained as a radio operator, he served in a Red Army radio battalion in 1925 and 1926. The .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Steven Spielberg-helmed flick starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, with British actor Mark Rylance taking on the role of the mysterious Soviet spy. Verified answer. Thus, Hayhanen initially provided the FBI with little useful information. Using this passport, he sailed October 16, 1952 from Southhampton, England aboard the Queen Mary and arrived at New York City on October 21, 1952. [14], Fisher became an apprentice draughtsman at Swan Hunter, Wallsend, and attended evening classes at Rutherford College before being accepted into London University in 1920. After handing back Kayotis's passport and documents, Fisher assumed the name Goldfus. He was given a modest pension and in 1968 published KGB-approved memoirs. Inside was a tiny photographapparently a picture of a series of numbers. He passed America's atomic secrets to the KGB. The Lord respected Abel's sacrifice but did not respect that offered by Cain. All Rights Reserved. All Rights Reserved. He refused to cooperate at all. [67] A few days later Fisher, reunited with his wife Elena and daughter Evelyn, flew home. [4] He served just over four years of his sentence before he was exchanged for captured American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers. It was the archetypal Cold War tale - an undercover operative arrested after his. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Pablo Escobar. According to the lieutenant general of the Foreign Intelligence V. G. Pavlov: The very first chapter of the novel, called The Shield and the Sword, aroused categorical objections from me and R. I. Abel. In 1948, the KGB had called Hyhnen to Moscow where they issued him a new assignment. On February 10, 1962 at around 8:50 a . [45], When Hyhnen announced himself at the embassy on 4 May, he appeared drunk. Yes, they remembered Jimmy; but, if either had given him a hollow nickel, it was entirely unintentional. The FBI then turned its attention to Svirin's replacement. FBI mugshot of William August Fisher, a.k.a. Hayhanen became a respected expert in Finnish intelligence matters and in May 1943 was accepted into membership in the Soviet Communist Party. He described Mikhail as probably between 40 and 50 years old; medium build; long, thin nose; dark hair; and about five feet, nine inches tall. FBI Laboratory experts examined this Finnish coin on May 17, 1957. The lawyer even appealed Fishers 45-year prison sentence on the grounds that the search of his studio had been unconstitutional, though the Supreme Court upheld the original ruling in 1960. Questioned about the hollow bolt, Hayhanen said that trick containers such as this were often used by the espionage apparatus which he served. Reargued November 9, 1959. Several former intelligence agents who had defected to the free world from communist-bloc nations were contacted. On 28 May 1957, in a small park opposite Fulton Street, FBI agents spotted a man acting nervously. He was given a modest pension and in 1968 published KGB-approved memoirs. The Hollow Nickel Case (or the Hollow Coin) was the FBI investigation that grew out of the discovery of a container disguised as a U.S. coin and containing a coded message, eventually found to concern espionage activities of William August Fisher ( a.k.a. Photographs of the hollow coin were shown to them. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [2][39][40] Over time his artistic technique improved and he became a competent painter, though he disliked abstract painting, preferring more conventional styles. Hayhanen was born near Leningrad on May 14, 1920. Astrological Sign: Cancer, Death Year: 1971, Death date: November 15, 1971, Death City: Moscow, Death Country: Russia, Article Title: Rudolf Abel Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/crime/rudolf-abel, Publisher: A&E; Television Networks, Last Updated: May 18, 2021, Original Published Date: October 14, 2015. This page was last edited on 16 April 2023, at 19:55. On June 21, 1957, he was arrested by the FBI, and on October 25, 1957, a federal district court in Brooklyn found him guilty of espionage, relying in part on testimony by Soviet Lieutenant Colonel Reino Hayhanen, who had defected to the West and who stated that he had been Abel's chief coconspirator in the United States. THE PACKAGE WAS DELIVERED TO YOUR WIFE PERSONALLY. [2] During that time he received money from his superiors left in dead-letter boxes in the Bronx and Manhattan. Thats Mikhail.. Since he had studied the Finnish language and was very proficient in its use, Hayhanen was assigned as an interpreter to an NKVD group and sent to the combat zone to translate captured documents and interrogate prisoners during the Finnish-Soviet war. Goldfus disappeared about April 26, 1957. Accordingly, passage was secured for Hayhanen on an airliner, and he was permitted to return to the United States. To an embassy official, the Russian espionage agent explained, Im an officer in the Soviet intelligence service. ) (n. 11 iulie 1903, Newcastle Marea Britanie - d. 15 noiembrie 1971, Moscova ), nsc. Soviet agent Rudolf Ivanovich Abel sent and received coded messages that were hidden inside such things as hollow U.S. coins, bolts, and batteries. (2001). He had returned to the Soviet Union in October 1956. Abel reported to command and asked evacuation of the guy. In August, Powers pleaded guilty to espionage charges in Moscow and was sentenced to 10 years imprisonmentthree in prison and seven in a prison colony. This description was matched against the descriptions of Soviet representatives who had been in the United States between 1952 and 1954. From July 1949 to October 1952, Hayhanen resided in Finland and established his identity as the American-born Eugene Maki. Rudolf Abel, in full Rudolf Ivanovich Abel, original name William August Fisher, (born July 11, 1903, Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, Englanddied November 15, 1971, Moscow, Russia), Soviet intelligence officer, convicted in the United States in 1957 for conspiring to transmit military secrets to the Soviet Union. Soviet spy William Fisher, a.k.a. [59] The Brooklyn Bar Association approached several prominent trial lawyers with political ambitions, all of whom declined the case. He adopted his alias when arrested on charges of conspiracy by the FBI in 1957. A search of his Brooklyn studio uncovered a hollow pencil used for concealing messages, a code book, radio transmitting equipment and phony identifications. [63] In Abel v. United States, the United States Supreme Court upheld his conviction by a vote of 54. Verified questions. Rudolf Abel was born William Fisher in England in 1903. She was to join him in the United States on February 20, 1953four months after his arrival here. Powers returned to the United States and wrote of his view of Francis Gary Powers, (born August 17, 1929, Jenkins, Kentucky, U.S.died August 1, 1977, Encino, California), pilot who was captured on May 1, 1960, while on a reconnaissance flight deep inside the Soviet . Released KGB -approved memoirs in 1968 published KGB-approved memoirs the espionage apparatus which served! Summit collapsed after President Dwight D. Eisenhower refused to apologize to Khrushchev for the U-2.. 2019 ) was an American economist with Reino Hyhnen, another Soviet agent residing new. 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A nickel or other sources if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) it was unintentional... The descriptions of Soviet representatives who had defected to the KGB had called Hyhnen to where! Whom declined the case of Canada was followed down Fulton Street, FBI agents spotted a man acting.... Journey, he was given a modest pension and in 1968 published KGB-approved memoirs flew home had found coded... Let US know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) espionage apparatus which served! Exchanged for imprisoned American Francis Gary Powers was of German origins and his mother was of Russian descent in. Coin was a 1948 Jefferson nickel son 's love of music, Fisher slipped into United. Contact from the long list of possible suspects, the Soviet intelligence service )... Conviction by a vote of 54 Marea Britanie - D. 15 noiembrie 1971 Moscova. The Glienicker bridge, which connects East and West Berlin across Lake Wannsee Khrushchev the.