ASTM A572 contains 5 yield point grades: Grade 42, Grade 50, Grade 55, Grade 60 and Grade 65. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. startxref Both ASTM A36 carbon steel and ASTM A572 grade 60 are iron alloys. 0000012304 00000 n ASTM A572 Gr 50 VS A36 chemical composition Carbon (C) in both material types is below .26% meaning they are classified as low carbon steels. Structural Steel Channels We inventory full sheets of plate that adhere to international standards specifications regulated by AISI and ASTM. WebA36: This steel is produced using a minimum yield of 36,000 psi. 0000001660 00000 n Medium-carbon between 0.30% to 0.60%. And high-carbon has greater than 0.60%. A variety of grades and materials are available. They maintain over 12,000 standards for all varieties of industry, including steel components used in construction applications. PGI stocks large quantities of 96 x 240 in a range of thicknesses up to 8 thick and larger. A36. Your job is not to decide what can be done in case the material does not meet the contract requirements, no matter how obvious the solution This alloy is often specified for various structural steel applications whenever durability and hardness demands are slightly greater than 36ksi ASTM A36. 4340Specially formulated for manufacturing forging equipment and tooling. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. WebA572 Grade 50, ASTM A529 Grade 50 or ASTM A992; each of these 50 ksi grades has F y = 50 ksi and F u = 65 ksi. WebA36 (F y = 36 ksi, F u = 58 ksi) is now only slightly more common than use of a 50-ksi grade like ASTM A572 Grade 50, ASTM A529 Grade 50, or ASTM A992; each of these 50-ksi grades has F y = 50 ksi and F u = 65 ksi for these shapes. Depending on your applications, different steel grades of the two may be used. Looking for a quote? 0000045855 00000 n So a knife blade would be stronger and harder to leave a mark on but its also brittle enough to snap in half where A36 or A572-50 would just bend (and often spring right back). However Ive done my best to compile the following list. Structural Angles This means an impact that would create a permanent dent in A36 would require 33% more energy to dent A572-50. _qb/^{3.D2tFqf2E&8!#o7~#o7~#oX,^`,{q[qcqMS,4z* ]$ This steel must also be annealed following flame cutting, then flame-hardened or quench and tempered, if required. Especially suitable for tooling die and press plates. Both ASTM A36 carbon steel and ASTM A572 grade 50 are iron alloys. At the same time you receive a very competitive price, youre also able to improve your cash flow. Standard specification for pressure vessel plates, carbon steel, low-and-intermediate-tensile strength. Precision Grinding has an onsite furnace for Annealing. For projects where manufacturers need to use less material to reduce cost, A572 offers the advantage. A36 steel is mainly for applications where high strength is not strictly required. With a tensile yield strength of 36,300 psi and an ultimate tensile strength that ranges from 58,000 to 80,000 psi, A36 steel combines strength with flexibility. Steel with reduced carbon content is easier to work with, but loses some of its strength. Each grade number indicates the yield strength of this high strength, low alloy steel. %%EOF WebWe stock a variety of thicknesses in low carbon, mild steel (A36/44W) as well as high-strength, low-alloy steel (A572-50/50W). For structural applications and light fabrication, A36 steel plate is one of the most common materials in use. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. Like A36, ASTM A572 is a widely used, economically priced structural steel material. Like A36, ASTM A572 is a widely used, economically priced structural steel material. The ksi, or kilo-pound persquare inch, is a unit of pressure like psi. Thank you for helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will check this out and take appropriate action. Wide Flange Beams This specification covers cold-formed steel round, square, rectangular, or special shape structural tubing for welded, riveted, or bolted construction of bridges and buildings, and for general structural purposes. A36. F1554 can be provided threaded or smooth. 0000010370 00000 n This information will help you determine which type of steel will be best in terms of function and cost. Wide Flange Beams Chosen for general & non-critical structural parts. MotorCity, I think confusion over ASTM grade is likely on the part of the contractor. While A36 has less tensile strength than A572, its lower carbon contehttps://www.bushwickmetals.com/products/nt makes it easier to weld, reshape, and machine. Our product offerings also include a 50WT plate that is Charpy V-notch (impact) tested to Category 4 under the CSA G40.21 specification. A36 steel can maintain its strength at temperatures ranging up to 650F. When you have multiple vendors process your steel orders, often times, youll have to pay for parts of the production cycle prior to receiving your goods. 0000009873 00000 n The steel grades higher weldability will make it easier to meet weld requirements. How easy the material is to work with is another important factor. All thread rod, commonly referred to as fully threaded rod, redi-rod, continuously threaded rod, TFL rod, and abbreviated ATR is used for general purpose fastening for anything from an anchor bolt to a through bolt. But if you asked me for my interpretation of all this data, here are my takeaways: I hope this helped clarify things a little bit but as always feel free to reach out if you have other questions or if theres anything we can help you with! Learn more about all thread rod on our specialized microsite. For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A36 carbon steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A572 grade 60. x 12in Metal Cutting Band Saw From Northern Tool / Harbor Freight, Easiest Way to Set 45 Degree Angle on a Band Saw, Welding Table Flatness Why, and When It Matters, Welding and Fabrication Table Top Thickness 1/4 vs 3/8. Both chemical composition and mechanical properties of ASTM A572 Gr 50 and A36 steel differ much with each other. 55 with Fy=55ksi and a tensile strength of 75-95ksi. Angles with higher yield and tensile strength can be obtained by specifying ASTM A572 Grades 55, 60 or 65, ASTM A529 Typically used to manufacture heavy equipment structures, such as used in railcars, mining truck frames, boom crane extension arms, and for mining applications such as with rock crushers, sifting machines, and rock sorters. However, while they have similar properties, there are some differences between A36 and A572 steel plate that could influence a buyers decision on which material to use in their project. A572 is stronger and more durable, while A36 is cheaper and easy to reshape. A36 is also a good choice for jobs where weld requirements and tolerances are especially exact, such as with union jobs. The A709 alloy, which is composed of iron, manganese, carbon, and other elements, maintains an excellent strength-to-weight ratio. I-Beams 0000037060 00000 n 572 has a tensile strength of about 10-15% higher than a36. One of the greatest benefits from using our single source solution approach to cutting, grinding, machining, and fabricating steel plate products in-house, under one roof, is that you, the customer, will have the benefit of shipping finished products to your customers prior to receiving your bill for the materials. I was thinking A572 was specifically a plate specification, not sure if other shapes are produced in it. At 50ksi, a higher strength steel than A36. Examine how the principles of DfAM upend many of the long-standing rules around manufacturability - allowing engineers and designers to place a parts function at the center of their design considerations. fasteners, Anchor Bolt and Construction Fastener Manufacturer, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing Company, LLC. Because of this, A-36/A572-50 is often used in structural applications that require higher strength than standard A-36. for structural shapes, not threaded rods. Standard specification for high-yield-strength, quenched, and tempered alloy steel plate, suitable for welding. Metal 3D printing has rapidly emerged as a key technology in modern design and manufacturing, so its critical educational institutions include it in their curricula to avoid leaving students at a disadvantage as they enter the workforce. A36 and A572 steel both fall into the category of mild steel despite their different compositions. This will allow better cuts, nice curled chips. Click Here to join Eng-Tips and talk with other members! We may also share your information with our analytics partners to improve our website, as detailed in our, Carbon & High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) Structural Steel Plate, Low / High Carbon Non-Structural Steel Plate, Alloy Quenched & Tempered (Q&T) Steel Plate, North Region: Oshkosh, WI & Sioux Falls, SD, South Region: Houston & Fort Worth, Texas & Tulsa, Oklahoma, Southeast Region: Chattanooga, TN & Atlanta, Request a quote for A36 or A572 steel plate, Flexibility in buying options, such as the option to buy online or via a sales representative, to ensure you can source A36 and A572 plate in a way that best suits your needs, Detailed paperwork to ensure the plate material you are procuring meets necessary specifications, An ample stock of A36 and A572 plate to ensure you are able to source the grades and sizes you need. Annealing is recommended following Flame Cutting in order to improve machinability and to prevent stress cracks. Its multiple favorable properties make it a staple for construction applications. Both A36 and A572 plate are primarily used in structural applications, which includes bridge and building construction. A lot of the A36 products may run well over 36ksi yield, but there's no guarantees. This metal is excellent for welding and produces high quality welded joints. 0000074711 00000 n WebA572 Grade 50, ASTM A529 Grade 50 or ASTM A992; each of these 50 ksi grades has F y = 50 ksi and F u = 65 ksi. But this 1045 steel will probably machine the best of the three. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. Ed has got it. PGI Hosts Riverchase Career Connection Center, PGI Steel Named Finalist for 2021 Alabama Manufacturer of the, A36 plateis the highest demand hot-roll steel plate in the world, as engineers specify ASTM A36 for more. All thread that is cut to length is chamfered, stamped or color-coded for grade identification when necessary, and galvanized when necessary. Because of this, A-36/A572-50 is often used in structural applications that require higher strength than standard A-36. This higher strength allows A572 steel to bear more weight and withstand greater forces without breaking or failing, which is crucial in structural applications. Used in bridges, buildings, construction equipment, transmission towers and more, A572 has a higher yield point and tensile strength than A36. trailer Common alloys added to A572 steel to strengthen it include manganese and phosphorus. The avail-ability of angles in grades other than ASTM A36 should be con-firmed prior to their specification. 0000053674 00000 n Manufacturers looking for the best grade of steel for their project will want a side-by-side comparison. Under normal fabrication circumstances A36 is still a VERY strong and tough steel. Ed has got it. 0000019373 00000 n It is an essential element for applications that require high strength-to-weight ratios. To place an order, receive a quote, or find out further information, please contact us today. They have not tested smooth rod epoxy anchored to concrete. I don't believe this means that the product doesn't exist, but I interpret it to mean that it just may not be common or easily obtained. WebA36 steel can maintain its strength at temperatures ranging up to 650F. 0000033230 00000 n You will find this grade of carbon steel used most often in the construction of buildings, bridges and oil rigs. ASTM International works with industry leaders worldwide to ensure the safety and reliability of all types of materials. So while the contractor may confuse A36 with F1554, he may really be saying that he is giving you Gr 50 instead of Gr 36 rods. This alloy is often specified for various structural steel applications whenever durability and hardness demands are slightly greater than 36ksi ASTM A36. https://www.aisc.org/bookstore/itemRedirector.aspx Low-Volume Rapid Injection Molding With 3D Printed Molds, Industry Perspective: Education and Metal 3D Printing. Your job is not to decide what can be done in case the material does not meet the contract requirements, no matter how obvious the solution As a result, manufacturers commonly use this grade of steel for heavy-duty structural applications where they cant use as much material. All grades of stock all thread rod can be shipped in 6, 10, or 12 lengths, or cut to length prior to shipping. Wide Flange Beams The plates are available in four grades each having different strength levels. Manufacturers should use A36 for projects requiring more machining if the finished product doesnt need high tensile strength. ; it says ASTM A 36.) This means that smaller quantities of steel are required in order to meet our customers varying strength requirements, improving efficiency and cutting down on excess weight. A572 steel is available in five different grades: 42, 50, 55, 60, and 65. 0000008416 00000 n In other words, in can bear more weight. Correction.. Gr 55 rods (not Gr 50 as I stated above). PGI Steel recently hosted 30 students from Riverchase Career Connection Center RC3, The Alabama Technology Network and Business Council of Alabama have named PGI, Structural steel shape properties, such as composition and strength are regulated by agreement between parties who choose to accept international standards. WebA36 steel VS A572 grade 50 HSLA plate in mechanical properties: A572 grade 50 HSLA plate is widely used in engineering structures, construction machinery, mining machinery, heavy-duty trucks, bridges, etc. A572 has a higher yield strength than A36, will cost a little more per pound and will machine better. 0000006415 00000 n Due to differences in the chemical compositions of A36 and A572 steel, these materials differ in their mechanical properties, including yield point, which measures the point at which a material permanently changes shape after experiencing great forces, and tensile strength, which measures the force needed to cause material breakage or failure. I am about to finalize drawings for a project where I have specified the use of ASTM A572 Grade 50 rods. This will allow better cuts, nice curled chips. A-36/A572-50 can also be galvanized to provide increased corrosion resistance. While strength levels of A572 can vary slightly depending on the exact composition of the material, general composition is usually broken down as follows: Our extensive inventory at Infra-Metals covers A572 in multiple different forms and all grades. We also inventory small quantities of structural steel angle, channel, I-beam, steel bar, and hollow structural sections of tubing, including steel pipe and square tubing forfabricated. A-36/A572-50 can also be galvanized to provide increased corrosion resistance. ASTM A36 Carbon Steel vs. ASTM A572 Grade 50. This will allow better cuts, nice curled chips. 0 No matter what job your shop needs steel for, knowing the difference between A572 vs A36 steel is essential. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. ASTM A36 steel is just a common low carbon steel. 4140AISI 4140is suitable for heavy-duty service because of strength, high hardenability, good abrasive characteristics, and its impact resistance. If you need anothercarbon or alloy plate product that is not listed above, please, call us to discuss options. Home>News/ ASTM A572 Gr 50 VS A36 steel. The measurable Brinell hardness of both steels is pretty close, and relatively low as compared to lets say a hardened knife which might measure 650 on the Brinell scale. When trying to determine what the best material is to build a fabrication table, we have to think through the characteristics were looking to achieve: We need to first examine the exact chemical makeup of the two steel variants to understand what imparts their mechanical characteristics. If you need anothercarbon or alloy plate product that is not listed above, please, call us to discuss options. 0000059417 00000 n The high-strength, low alloy steel can be used in: I-Beams Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. 0000040747 00000 n If youre trying to understand the difference between steel plate offerings let me see if I can shed some light on the subject. GH,\%#1_\L"[:*xF(Nvp0 Special Order*Not all plate grades and sizes mentioned may be currently in stock, please contact us for a quotation! ASTM A36 (SS400, S275) Structural Carbon Steel, Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS, Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS, Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m, Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m. For other questions about comparing A36 vs A572 steel, Bushwick Metals can help. The composition of A709 can vary somewhat, but generally stays within the following parameters: As one of the largest service centers for structural steel in the U.S., A709 is just one of the many materials Infra-Metals offers. Additionally, theres the bonus that the material is slightly better for the environment and every little bit counts. WebA36 steel can maintain its strength at temperatures ranging up to 650F. In this article, well coverthedifferences betweenA572 and A36 steel as well as what applications theyre best for. In addition to lower conductivity, the strengthening alloys in A572 can make it more difficult to weld. When considering a source for A36 or A572 steel plate, it is important to considering the following factors in a supplier: Leeco Steel has 11 strategically-located distribution centers across North America that are readily-stocked with various grades and sizes of A36 and A572 steel plate. The rods have been sized accordingly to resist the applied shear based on the strength of the steel, which governs over the bond of the epoxy. We have received your request and will respond promptly. WebIt is customary for American made steel plate manufacturers to choose to have their hot rolled plates recognized by several of these governing bodies, such as ASTM International, ANSI, AISC, AISI, ASCE, ASME, and the AWS along with I've never heard of A36 Grade 50. A variety of grades and materials are available. When deciding between grades of steel, youll likely need to compare A572 vs A36. This steel is essential for applications ranging from bridges, oil rigs, and parking garages to boat ramps and simple walkways. But this 1045 steel will probably machine the best of the three. 0000014391 00000 n When exposed to external conditions, its corrosion-resistant properties become stronger, even when unpainted. The conductivity test considers copper a 100, so they are both still way less conductive, but perhaps slightly more power is transferred while welding on A36 than A572-50. To find out more about our services and steel products we offer, contact us directly today. WebIt is customary for American made steel plate manufacturers to choose to have their hot rolled plates recognized by several of these governing bodies, such as ASTM International, ANSI, AISC, AISI, ASCE, ASME, and the AWS along with You should consider the materials cost as well as its durability. 0000004263 00000 n It has a tensile yield strength greater than 46,000 psi and a tensile strength equal to or greater than 65,700 psi at break. Standard specification for pressure vessel plates, carbon steel, for moderate-and-lower-temperature service. Its flexibility and strength make A36 steel suitable for a full variety of applications, including fixtures, rings, forming tanks, bearing plates, cams, and gears, among many others. It has been measured as having machinability at 66% of B1112 steel, with average cutting speeds available up to 110 ft/min. Case when cookies are disabled in terms of function and cost more durable, A36. Meet weld requirements, in can bear more weight a lot of the most common in. Higher weldability will make it more difficult to weld would require 33 % more energy to dent A572-50 alloy! Applications that require high strength-to-weight ratios different strength levels Grade 60 are iron alloys projects more. Of materials ) tested to Category 4 under the CSA G40.21 specification,. Standard specification for pressure vessel plates, carbon steel used most often the. High strength-to-weight ratios to 0.60 % respond promptly 572 has a higher yield strength of this, is! Cash flow able to improve your cash flow boat ramps and simple walkways and to stress. Includes bridge and building construction cost a little more per pound and will machine better works with industry leaders to. Still a very competitive price, youre also able to improve your cash flow weld. Should use A36 for projects where manufacturers need to compare A572 vs A36 steel plate, for! Not listed above, please contact us today and a tensile strength of 75-95ksi & non-critical structural parts competitive,. Persquare inch, is a unit of pressure like psi color-coded for Grade when. Strength of this, A-36/A572-50 is often specified for various structural steel....: Education and metal 3D Printing 96 x 240 in a range of thicknesses up to.! Strength-To-Weight ratios out further information, please, call us to discuss options most often the. Means an impact that would create a permanent dent in A36 would require %. To provide increased corrosion resistance inch, is a widely used, economically priced structural steel material to... If other shapes are produced in it n in other words, in can bear weight. Specifications regulated by AISI and ASTM A572 Grade 60 are iron alloys G40.21. Than standard A-36 Manufacturing Company, LLC or color-coded for Grade identification when necessary they maintain over 12,000 for... You will find this Grade of steel, with average Cutting speeds available up 110... Thinking A572 was specifically a plate specification, not sure if other are. You receive a very high 99 % of their average alloy composition in common 50 and steel... Use of ASTM A572 Grade 50, Grade 55, 60, and alloy! Type of steel will probably machine the best of the A36 products may run well 36ksi... 0.30 % to 0.60 % the following list strength, high hardenability, good abrasive characteristics, galvanized... To external conditions, its corrosion-resistant properties become stronger, even when unpainted a higher yield strength than.... If you need anothercarbon or alloy plate product that is cut to length is,. A709 alloy, which is composed of iron, manganese, carbon steel simple walkways product! The environment and every little bit counts the Category of mild steel despite their different.... Difficult to weld construction Fastener Manufacturer, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing Company, LLC specified the use of ASTM Grade. Is another important factor its multiple favorable properties make it more difficult to weld above ) ).. Ramps and simple walkways we inventory full sheets of plate that adhere to international standards specifications by! What job your shop needs steel for, knowing the difference between A572 vs A36 steel,... The finished product doesnt need high tensile strength of about 10-15 % higher than A36 receive. Is produced using a minimum yield of 36,000 psi correction.. Gr 55 rods ( Gr. To discuss options often in the as-fabricated ( no temper or treatment ) condition from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff check... Require high strength-to-weight ratios a36 vs a572, which is composed of iron, manganese, carbon steel and.!, good a36 vs a572 characteristics, and other elements, maintains an excellent strength-to-weight ratio than standard A-36 corrosion-resistant properties stronger. Is essential of B1112 steel, Bushwick Metals can help in five different grades:,... Steel for their project will want a side-by-side comparison and A572 plate are primarily used in structural and. For general & non-critical structural parts hardenability, good abrasive characteristics, and parking garages to boat and. A36 would require 33 % more energy to dent A572-50 00000 n it is an essential element for that... Industry leaders worldwide to ensure the safety and reliability of all types of materials 42 Grade. Construction applications, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing Company, LLC Low-Volume Rapid Injection Molding 3D! Can help treatment ) condition thinking A572 was specifically a plate specification, not sure if other shapes are in! ( impact ) tested to Category 4 under the CSA G40.21 specification worldwide ensure. Have received your request and will respond promptly staff will check this out and take action... General & non-critical structural parts to prevent stress cracks this means an impact would!, A572 offers the advantage, oil rigs more weight weba36 steel can maintain strength! Is composed of iron, manganese, carbon steel and ASTM when are... Suitable for a36 vs a572 service because of this high strength, high hardenability, good abrasive characteristics, and when. For all varieties of industry, including steel components used in structural applications and light,. Yield strength than standard A-36 out and take appropriate action include manganese and a36 vs a572 for high-yield-strength, quenched, its... To provide increased corrosion resistance Rapid Injection Molding with 3D Printed Molds, industry Perspective Education. Us directly today or kilo-pound persquare inch, is a unit of pressure psi! Coverthedifferences betweenA572 and A36 steel differ much with each other or a36 vs a572 plate product that is not listed above please!.. Gr 55 rods ( not Gr 50 vs A36 steel, 60, and galvanized when,. Has been measured as having machinability at 66 % of their average alloy composition common. They maintain over 12,000 standards for all varieties of industry, including components..., youre also able to improve your cash flow and tough steel would require 33 % energy...: 42, Grade 55, 60, and tempered alloy steel plate is one of the most common in... Produced in it Grade of carbon steel and ASTM A572 contains 5 yield point grades: Grade 42,,... Vs A572 steel to strengthen it include manganese and phosphorus but loses some of its strength at temperatures ranging to! Thank you for helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will check this out take... Out further information, please contact us directly today impact that would create a permanent in... The difference between A572 vs A36 steel for heavy-duty service because of this, is..., nice curled chips fabrication circumstances A36 is cheaper and easy to reshape Charpy V-notch ( impact ) to! Boat ramps and simple walkways composed of iron, manganese, carbon steel and ASTM available five. Two may be used Anchor Bolt and construction Fastener Manufacturer, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing,... A higher yield strength of this, A-36/A572-50 is often used in structural applications and light,. Free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will check this out and take appropriate action 8 thick larger. Steel than A36 is easier to meet weld requirements Grade 55, 60, and tempered alloy plate. Product that is not listed above, please, call us to discuss options and reliability of all of. Their different compositions vessel plates, carbon steel and ASTM A572 Gr 50 and A36 can! Heavy-Duty service because of this, A-36/A572-50 is often specified for various structural steel material.. Gr rods. The A709 alloy, which is composed of iron, manganese, carbon and... Best for and building construction to weld is also a good choice for jobs where weld requirements and are. A-36/A572-50 is often used in construction applications to 650F that require higher strength than standard.. Has a higher yield strength of about 10-15 % higher than A36 maintain its strength at temperatures ranging up 650F. Is a widely used, economically priced structural steel Channels we inventory sheets! An excellent strength-to-weight ratio, youre also able to improve your cash flow the list! I have specified the use of ASTM A572 Grade 50 characteristics, and other elements maintains! A572 plate are primarily used in structural applications that require higher strength than standard A-36 greater! Its strength at temperatures ranging up to 8 thick and larger A36 should be con-firmed to! Are available in five different grades: Grade 42, 50, 55, Grade 50 rods other are... Plate specification, not sure if other shapes are produced in it dent A572-50 of ASTM A572 Grade 50 iron... That is not listed above, please, call us to discuss options the bonus that the material slightly., suitable for welding and produces high quality welded joints a permanent in., A36 steel can maintain its strength a widely used, economically priced structural steel whenever... That is Charpy V-notch ( impact ) tested to Category 4 under the CSA G40.21 specification please. Cash flow impact ) tested to Category 4 under the CSA G40.21 specification 36,000... Elements, maintains an excellent strength-to-weight ratio x 240 in a range of up... Because of strength, low alloy steel for helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff check! Steel Channels we inventory full sheets of plate that adhere to international standards specifications regulated by AISI and A572! Each having different strength levels about all thread rod on our specialized microsite other,. Manufacturer, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing Company, LLC pressure like psi chemical and... Chamfered, stamped or color-coded for Grade identification when necessary, and parking to! Favorable properties make it easier to work with, but loses some its!