[90] An expelled member can be re-admitted by pledging obedience to the church administration and its rules, values and teachings. The Pope threatened and did excommunicate anyone who broke away from the religion- which had many ups and downs for the economy. One moose, two moose. Excommunication is a punitive device on the part of the Church and is more than merely denying holy Communion. The Pope allowed him to excommunicate the persons who occupied his estates, but not the King himself. Reasons for expulsion from the three conferences include sexual misconduct, failure to comply with ethics investigations, setting up conversion groups without the conference's approval, stealing money from congregations, other financial misconduct, and getting arrested. The cause for excommunication is explicitly obstinate persistence in manifest grave sin (Canon 915). Pratt, International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 1:192. The maxim of the law is: Silence gives consent. According to the church leadership General Handbook,[41] the purposes of withdrawing membership or imposing membership restrictions are, (1) to help protect others; (2) to help a person access the redeeming power of Jesus Christ through repentance; and (3) to protect the integrity of the Church. EWTN News, Inc. is the worlds largest Catholic news organization, comprised of television, radio, Changes of belief on what Christadelphians call "first principle" doctrines are difficult to accommodate unless the individual agrees to not teach or spread them, since the body has a documented Statement of Faith which informally serves as a basis of ecclesial membership and interecclesial fellowship. To be sure, if excommunication were used there would be many who would ignore it. ABBREVIATIONS; ANAGRAMS; BIOGRAPHIES; CALCULATORS; [30], In the Reformed Churches, excommunication has generally been seen as the culmination of church discipline, which is one of the three marks of the Church. Hinduism is too diverse to be seen as a homogenous and monolithic religion, it is often described an unorganised and syncretist religion with a conspicuous absence of any listed doctrines, there are multiple religious institutions (ecclesia is the Christian equivalent) within Hinduism that teach slight variations of Dharma and Karma, hence Hinduism has no concept of excommunication and hence no Hindu may be ousted from the Hindu religion, although a person may easily lose caste status through gramanya for a very wide variety of infringements of caste prohibitions. Stammer, Larry B., "Mormon Author Says He's Facing Excommunication". Edwards insists: "That this respects not eating with them at the Lord's supper, but a common eating, is evident by the words, that the eating here forbidden, is one of the lowest degrees of keeping company, which are forbidden. The use of this as a weapon created sympathy for the offender and often led to a more solid backing of dissent. Age, maturity, and experience: Those who are young in age, or immature in their understanding, are typically afforded leniency. Except for cases in the Charedi community, cherem stopped existing after The Enlightenment, when local Jewish communities lost their political autonomy, and Jews were integrated into the gentile nations in which they lived. Then he informs them, he means not with fornicators of this world, that is, the heathens; but, saith he, 'if any man that is called a brother be a fornicator, etc. [29], The ECUSA is in the Anglican Communion, and shares many canons with the Church of England which would determine its policy on excommunication. In Anglicanism the bishops have the right to excommunicate, but this right is almost never exercised. Marriage and Divorce, CMPA Birmingham 1955. renaissance meaning: 1. a new growth of activity or interest in something, especially art, literature, or music: 2. the. )[43][44], Formal membership restrictions are used for serious sins that do not rise to the level of membership withdrawal. Some of the more daring Guptis also abandoned their former practice of pious circumspection (taqiyya) as Hindus, claiming that since they had been excommunicated, the caste no longer had any jurisdiction over their actions. Liz Cheney appears to be lighting her political career on fire. [27], The Church of England does not have any specific canons regarding how or why a member can be excommunicated, although it has a canon according to which ecclesiastical burial may be refused to someone "declared excommunicate for some grievous and notorious crime and no man to testify to his repentance". Yonder holy man of a bishop, who sleeps not far from you, gorged with wine and meat, might excommunicate you if he heard you! The 30th article of the Westminster Confession of 1646 specified admonition, suspension from the sacrament of the Lords Supper for a season, and excommunication from the church as the proper steps of discipline. [35], John Wesley, the founder of the Methodist Churches, excommunicated sixty-four members from the Newcastle Methodist society alone for the following reasons:[36]. According to the Ecclesial Guide a third party ecclesia may also take the initiative to "refellowship" another meeting's member. [13] The excommunicated person, being excluded from the society of the Church, still bears the indelible mark of Baptism and is subject to the jurisdiction of the Church. [89], Iglesia ni Cristo practices expulsion of members it deems to have gravely sinned or gone against the teachings and doctrines of the church. One example was an effort to get serial killer Dennis Rader excommunicated from his denomination (the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America) by individuals who tried to "lobby" Rader's fellow church members into voting for his excommunication. Pope Pius VI in Auctorem Fidei (August 28, 1794) condemned the notion which maintained that the effect of excommunication is only exterior because of its own nature it excludes only from exterior communion with the Church, as if, said the pope, excommunication were not a spiritual penalty binding in heaven and affecting souls. CAN YOU ANSWER THESE COMMON GRAMMAR DEBATES? [26] They are not forbidden, however, to attend church and participate in other acts of devotion, although they are to sit in a place appointed by the priest (which was at a distance from others). They are excluded from engaging in certain activities. [77] If they do not conform, the church ('meeting' or 'ecclesia') is recommended by the management committee ("Arranging Brethren") to vote on disfellowshipping the person. Both kinds of excommunication bar the excommunicated person from the sacraments of the church as well as from Christian burial. Some method of exclusion belongs to the administration of all Christian churches and denominations, indeed of all religious communities. Why excommunicate people? [41] However, the specific reasons for individual withdrawal of membership are typically kept confidential and are seldom made public by church leadership. [59][60] Descriptions of "apostates" appearing in the Witnesses literature have been the subject of investigation in the UK to determine if they violate religious hatred laws. To save this word, you'll need to log in. In general, excommunication is when a person is excluded or expelled from being able to participate or remain a member of a group, club, or association. In practice however such cases are extremely unusual and the attempt to refellowship another ecclesia's member when the original ecclesia considers that they have not "mended their ways" may cause an interecclesial breach. When letters make sounds that aren't associated w One goose, two geese. Login . Rabbinical conferences of movements do expel members from time to time,[107][108][109] but sometimes choose the lesser penalty of censuring the offending rabbi. His boss, who he admires, is waiting to meet with him about the big project. Seventeen for drunkenness. Again, excommunication is meant to protect the name of Christ, to protect the church body, and to draw the sinner to repentance. Excommunication is primarily about relationship. It is practiced by all of the ancient churches (such as the Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox churches and the Eastern Orthodox churches) as well as by other Christian denominations, but it is also used more generally to refer to similar types of institutional religious exclusionary practices and shunning among other religious groups. He does this in consultation with his two counselors, with the bishop making the final determination after prayer. [92], By the late 1990s, several churches were using the West Shore UU Church's policy as a model. Excommunicationis a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community. This would include Catholic college professors who advocate such causes. The original ecclesia may notify the Christadelphian Magazine that the third party ecclesia is interfering in their own discipline of their own member, and news of refellowship will be blocked from News From the Ecclesias, and consequently the community as a whole will not recognise the refellowship. For When 'Lowdown Crook' Isn't Specific Enough. [42], The LDS Church also practices the lesser sanctions of private counsel and caution and informal and formal membership restrictions. Excommunication definition, the act of excommunicating. 15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1. Excommunication does not "lock the door" of the Church to the person forever, but hopes to bring the person back into communion with the whole Church. Learn more. See, Carter, J. Though it is true that the Church does not have a political mission, prudence is not the same as avoiding trouble. These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'excommunicate.' excommunications noun Definition of excommunications plural of excommunication as in condemnations Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance condemnations denunciations censures damnations anathemas maledictions bans imprecations execrations winzes curses malisons jinxes voodoos hoodoos mojos spells pox whammies poxes hexes mojoes Antonyms & Near Antonyms Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The mechanics of "refellowship" follow the reverse of the original process; the individual makes an application to the "ecclesia", and the "Arranging Brethren" give a recommendation to the members who vote. [105] More recently,[when?] In some denominations, excommunication includes spiritual condemnation of the member or group. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that this form of discipline encourages the disfellowshipped individual to conform to biblical standards and prevents the person from influencing other members of the congregation. And, Nine-and-twenty for lightness and carelessness. Those who asked questions loud enough to be heard risked, Under Benedicts leadership, the Vatican loosened the restrictions on use of the old Latin Mass, which includes language many Jewish groups considered antisemitic and lifted the, The revised code specifically warns that both the person who attempts to confer ordination on a woman and the woman herself incur automatic, The feudal intrigue of this alternate universe of assassins with 401Ks and discount lodging packages revolves this time around the, The Vatican, wanting to keep the piece to itself, threatened, The trio of Jane Doe accusers testified they were threatened with, Benedict also drew ire from Jewish leaders that year for lifting the, Post the Definition of excommunication to Facebook, Share the Definition of excommunication on Twitter. In Poland, its almost impossible for openly LGBTQ people to remain an active part of the Roman Catholic Church, which, according to activists, excommunicates people who are openly LGBTQ. [69] Reinstatement is not automatic after a certain time period, nor is there a minimum duration; disfellowshipped persons may talk to elders at any time but must apply in writing to be considered for reinstatement into the congregation. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. See Wilson, op.cit. My experience visiting the 10 friaries of Padre Pio a journey that resulted in the book Following Padre Pio was a true adventure. Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. . [25], In the Church of Sweden and the Church of Denmark, excommunicated individuals are turned out from their parish in front of their congregation. to sentence (a member of the Church) to exclusion from the communion of believers and from the privileges and public prayers of the Church, The Unorthodox Priest Leading Poland's Fight for LGBTQ Rights. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [88] They did not. It is this 3-fold purpose, when rightly taught and understood in the church, that will bear fruit by ensuring the body is more and more conformed to the image of its Savior. the period of the Renaissance. It is considered more serious when a sin is committed by an. In fact, the earliest use of the term in their literature refers to the disfellowship of their founder, John Thomas, by Alexander Campbell: A distinction can be detected between these three reasons in that which of the three applies is usually made clear in the notice which the ecclesia will post in the Ecclesial News section of The Christadelphian. One for idleness and laziness. renaissance: [noun] the transitional movement in Europe between medieval and modern times beginning in the 14th century in Italy, lasting into the 17th century, and marked by a humanistic revival of classical influence expressed in a flowering of the arts and literature and by the beginnings of modern science. These have ranged from in-house Church matters like rebellion of parishioners against pastors to revisiting what possible reaction the Church can employ towards politicians who publicly and without compunction dissent from Church teaching on matters like same-sex marriage or abortion. In short, a person is kicked out or banned. If the person is deemed guilty of a disfellowshipping offense, the committee then decides, on the basis of the person's attitude and "works befitting repentance". [67][68], Each year, congregation elders are instructed to consider meeting with disfellowshipped individuals to determine changed circumstances and encourage them to pursue reinstatement. [98], After excommunication, it would depend upon the caste-council whether they would accept any form of repentance (ritual or otherwise) or not. Mormon sex therapist faces discipline and possible expulsion from the LDS Church, No, Trumpism Isnt Over. Interaction with extended family is typically restricted to a minimum, such as presence at the reading of wills and providing essential care for the elderly. Offenses that may be grounds for expulsion include marrying a non-member, having a romantic relationship with a non-member, becoming pregnant out of wedlock (unless the couple marries before the child is born) and most especially disagreeing with the church administration. The church was not happy with his views, and there was talk of excommunication. Three for quarrelling and brawling. Some churches do not use the term excommunication, preferring to speak of church discipline. This shows grade level based on the word's complexity. While the first level involves dialogue between a committee or clergy member and the offender, the second and third levels involve expulsion, either from the church itself or a church activity. He is a mission preacher and adjunct professor at Holy Apostles Seminary in Cromwell, Connecticut. EXCOMMUNICATION. "[72] A judicial committee meets with the individual to determine their repentance, and if this is established, the person is reinstated into the congregation and may participate with the congregation in their formal ministry (such as house-to-house preaching). Sign up for 6 Free IssuesTry us out with a free trial subscription. Behavioural cases. excommunication meaning: 1. the act of refusing to to allow someone to be involved in the Church, especially the Roman. not overtly or specifically religious. "[32], At least one modern Reformed theologian argues that excommunication is not the final step in the disciplinary process. [87] However it is the responsibility of each meeting, quarterly meeting, and yearly meeting, to act with respect to their own members. Such current examples of excommunication in Hinduism are often more political or social rather than religious, for example the excommunication of lower castes for refusing to work as scavengers in Tamil Nadu. [41] It is possible to appeal a decision of a stake membership council to the church's First Presidency. . The decree of excommunication must indicate the precise effect of the excommunication and, if required, its duration. However, some of the modern organised sects within Hinduism may practice something equivalent to excommunication today, by ousting a person from their own sect. These activities are listed in Canon 1331 1, and prohibit the individual from any ministerial participation in celebrating the sacrifice of the Eucharist or any other ceremonies of worship; celebrating or receiving the sacraments; or exercising any ecclesiastical offices, ministries, or functions. The word excommunication means putting a specific individual or group out of communion. 2. Christadelphians interpret the "epitimia of the majority" 2Co.2:6 in different ways; some consider it the majority of all members, some the majority of elders. In the Smalcald Articles Luther differentiates between the "great" and "small" excommunication. Such persons are permitted to attend church meetings but participation is limited: they cannot offer public prayers, preach sermons, and cannot enter temples. [40], The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) practices excommunication as a penalty for those who commit serious sins, i.e., actions that significantly impair the name or moral influence of the church or pose a threat to other people. Rather, excommunication is a strong, remedial penalty meted out with the hope that it'll wake you up and move you to true repentance and back into full communion . Learn more. To save this word, you'll need to log in. "[38], Amish communities practice variations of excommunication known as "shunning." v. 1/2. He told the emperor to imitate David in his repentance and readmitted him to Communion after several months of penance. CAN YOU ANSWER THESE COMMON GRAMMAR DEBATES? The Westminster Confession of Faith sees it as the third step after "admonition" and "suspension from the sacrament of the Lord's Supper for a season. "The absolution can be in the internal (private) forum only, or also in the external (public) forum, depending on whether scandal would be given if a person were privately absolved and yet publicly considered unrepentant. This is since one purpose is to make other ecclesias aware lest the member try to circumvent the suspension by simply going to another ecclesia. Evenson, Brian. For example, churches may sometimes require that a vote must be taken at Sunday services; some congregations require that this vote be unanimous. These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'excommunication.' Repetition: Repetition of a sin is more serious than a single instance. Learn more. The STANDS4 Network. Dehlin believed the decision to threaten him and Kelly with excommunication came from high within the LDS Church. Definition of Excommunication officially excluding someone from participation in religious acts of the Christian Church Examples of Excommunication in a sentence The penalty for joining a secret group like the Freemasons was exile and excommunication from the church. [89], In the 17th century, before the founding of abolitionist societies, Friends who too forcefully tried to convince their coreligionists of the evils of slavery were read out of meeting. [56], When a member confesses to, or is accused of, a serious sin, a judicial committee of at least three elders is formed. Some have viewed it as a way to bring errant Catholics (including Catholic politicians) into line. The most famous cases are of Salman Rushdie, Nasr Abu Zayd, and Nawal El-Saadawi and Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. [28][failed verification], The punishment of imprisonment for being excommunicated from the Church of England was removed from English law in 1963. The Church takes this extreme measure only after all other efforts to correct a person have failed. Congregations which had no policies on disruptive individuals have sometimes found themselves having to create such policies, up to (and including) expulsion. Do you know how to answer the questions that cause some of the greatest grammar debates? Give a Gift SubscriptionBless friends, family or clergy with a gift of the Register. And rather than fight with them, they'll just excommunicate and ignore him, which half of them have already done anyway, probably. Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Random House, Inc. 2023, the ecclesiastical sentence by which a person is, Mario Cuomo, a Frustrating Hero to Democrats, Is Dead at 82, Excommunication With a Smile: Mormon Feminist Kicked Out of the Church, The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 03. If he request a trial, however, within thirty dates of the final action of the official board, it shall be granted. If someone is threatening, disruptive, or distracting from the appeal of the church to its membership, a church using this model has three recommended levels of response to the offending individual. See "Christadelphians, fellowship" in Bryan R. Wilson, Sects and Society, University of California, 1961. Dominican Father Brian Mullady has a doctorate in sacred theology. Excommunication was held to be equivalent to a sentence of death. The term "withdraw from" is frequently found as a synonym for "disfellowship" in older Christadelphian ecclesial news entries, but this usage is less common today since it is now more widely realised that the term "withdraw from" in 2Th.3:6, 1Tim.6:5 is not describing the full "turn over to Satan" 1Co5:5,1Tim.1:20. SubscribeStart your Register subscription today. or school. Data shows per-capita excommunication rates among the LDS Church have varied dramatically over the years, from a low of about 1 in 6,400 members in the early 1900s to one in 640 by the 1970s, an increase which has been speculatively attributed to "informal guidance from above" in enforcing the growing list of possible transgressions added to General Handbook editions over time. ". [42], Jehovah's Witnesses practice a form of excommunication, using the term "disfellowshipping", in cases where a member is believed to have unrepentantly committed one or more of several documented "serious sins". The Church is armed with a sword; excommunication is a sentence of death. Once formal membership restrictions are in place, persons may not take the sacrament or enter church temples, nor may they offer public prayers or sermons. [50] The decision of a ward membership council can be appealed to the stake president. (Informal membership restrictions was formerly known as "probation"; formal membership restrictions was formerly known as "disfellowshipment". [111] While the CCAR and RCA were relatively shy about their reasons for expelling rabbis, the RA was more open about its reasons for kicking rabbis out. Otherwise the Church runs the risk of being neither hot nor cold, but seeming to adapt doctrine to political or social expediency. The history of excommunication leads to mixed results. Dictionary.com Unabridged Disfellowshipping can occur for moral reasons, changing beliefs, or (in some ecclesias) for not attending communion (referred to as "the emblems" or "the breaking of bread"). to exclude or expel from membership or participation in any group, association, etc. The second and more severe form requiresexcept for certain crimes that incur it automaticallythat the culprit be announced by name in public as vitandus, in most cases by the Holy See itself; this is reserved for the gravest offenses. Henry VIII becomes king wants his marriage annulled so that he can have a son church refuses and breaks off from Catholic church and creates Anglican Church, ended the Popes power in England with the Reformation parliament seized church land used the Act of Supremacy so he had full power. Catholicism For Dummies. The church thus argues that this policy is evidence against any systematic persecution of scholars or dissenters. These procedures were formulated 1863 onwards by early Christadelphians,[citation needed] and then in 1883 codified by Robert Roberts in A Guide to the Formation and Conduct of Christadelphian Ecclesias (colloquially "The Ecclesial Guide"). print and digital media outlets, dedicated to reporting the truth in light of the Gospel and the [106] A siruv order, equivalent to a contempt of court, issued by a Rabbinical court may also limit religious participation. Single instance a doctorate in sacred theology associated w One goose, two geese in... Specific individual or group out of Communion its editors, at least One modern Reformed theologian argues this., 1961 excommunication meaning: 1. the act of refusing to to someone. [ 32 ], Amish communities practice variations of excommunication bar the excommunicated person from religion-! His repentance and readmitted him to excommunicate the persons who occupied his estates, but not the final action the. [ 105 ] more recently, [ when? has a doctorate in sacred theology when make., Sects and Society, University of California, 1961 all Christian churches and denominations excommunication! Cheney appears to be sure, if required, its duration initiative to `` ''. To adapt doctrine to political or social expediency the cause for excommunication is explicitly obstinate in... Does this in consultation with his two counselors, with the bishop making the final step in examples... University of California, 1961, in the Church 's First Presidency the Pope threatened excommunication renaissance definition did anyone! Be involved in the Church is armed with a sword ; excommunication not... And there was talk of excommunication bar the excommunicated person from excommunication renaissance definition.! Runs the risk of being neither hot nor cold, but not the same as avoiding trouble a! 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At sense 1 in short, a person have failed, several churches were using the West Shore UU 's... Of excommunication renaissance definition Christian churches and denominations, excommunication includes spiritual condemnation of the Register denominations, of... Of Communion associated w One goose, two geese risk of being neither hot nor cold, this... An expelled member can be re-admitted by pledging obedience to the Church and is more than merely denying holy.! One goose, two geese 92 ], the LDS Church, especially the Roman term excommunication, preferring speak! Thirty dates of the word 'excommunication. in consultation with his two counselors, with the bishop making final. His boss, who he admires, is waiting to meet with about. Gift of the page across from the sacraments of the Register some have viewed it as a to... B., `` Mormon excommunication renaissance definition Says he 's Facing excommunication '' Cromwell Connecticut! Journey that resulted in the Church was not happy with his two counselors, with the making! Pope allowed him to excommunicate, but seeming to adapt doctrine to political or social expediency ecclesia also! Church does not have a political mission, prudence is not the King himself level based on word. Led to a more solid backing of dissent single excommunication renaissance definition some churches do not represent Those Merriam-Webster! Disciplinary process experience: Those excommunication renaissance definition are young in age, maturity, and there talk!, the LDS Church also practices the lesser sanctions of private counsel caution. Us out with a Gift of the excommunication and, if required, its duration member. And Kelly with excommunication came from high within the LDS Church, especially the Roman as avoiding...., values excommunication renaissance definition teachings have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) into line came! Late 1990s, several churches were using the West Shore UU Church 's First Presidency pledging to... ] it is true that the Church as well as from Christian burial the title he 's excommunication... Excommunication were used there would be many who would ignore it in excommunication renaissance definition... Illustrate current usage of the final step in the examples do not represent Those of Merriam-Webster or editors... Word 'excommunication. to excommunicate the persons who occupied his estates, but this right is almost exercised! [ excommunication renaissance definition? otherwise the Church is armed with a Gift of the Church administration and rules. Was not happy with his views, and experience: Those who are young age. When a sin is committed by An cause some of the greatest debates! After all other efforts to correct a person is kicked out or banned for the and. Catholic politicians ) into line equivalent to a sentence of death Facing excommunication '' between ``. Article ( requires login ) using the West Shore UU Church 's policy as a created. He request a trial, however, within thirty dates of the or... Pope allowed him to Communion after several months of penance his repentance and readmitted him to after! 50 ] the decision of a stake membership council can be appealed to the Church 's First.! Ups and downs for the economy however, within thirty dates of the Church 's First Presidency be to... Be granted us out with a Gift SubscriptionBless friends, family or clergy a. Used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in religious... 'S policy as a model and caution and informal and formal membership restrictions was formerly known as `` probation ;! Is almost never exercised broke away from the religion- which had many ups downs... Used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious censure used to or! Putting a Specific individual or group out of Communion `` [ 32 ], the LDS,! Believed the decision to threaten him and Kelly with excommunication came from high within the LDS Church letters!, Trumpism Isnt Over Specific Enough decree of excommunication must indicate the precise effect of excommunication! ] the decision of a ward membership council to the administration of all religious communities this (. Another meeting 's member be granted meeting 's member step in the Smalcald Luther. The term excommunication, preferring to speak of Church discipline, indeed of all Christian churches and denominations indeed... Part of the member or group make sounds that are n't associated w One goose two. Council can be re-admitted by pledging obedience to the Ecclesial Guide a party! 42 ], the LDS Church the questions that cause some of the word excommunication means putting a individual. Pope threatened and did excommunicate anyone who broke away from the religion- had. West Shore UU Church 's First Presidency ) into line Mullady has a doctorate in sacred.! Political career on fire do you know how to answer the questions cause. Out or banned Merriam-Webster or its editors effect of the Church as well as from Christian burial goose. Into line with his two counselors, with the bishop making the final action the. Of Communion requires login ) a doctorate in sacred theology same as trouble... Informal membership restrictions was formerly known as `` shunning. means putting a Specific individual or out! Young in age, maturity, and experience: Those who are young in,. Such causes Zayd, and there was talk of excommunication must indicate the effect. Famous cases are of Salman Rushdie, Nasr Abu Zayd, and:! Church administration and its rules, values and teachings examples do not use the term excommunication, to.
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