They performed all experiments in triplicates; they treated the cancer cells with different concentrations of Barely grass at different time intervals. Antioxidant activities of lotus leaves (Nelumbo nucifera) and barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare) extracts. Professor, Department of Pathology and Urology. BG extract with antioxidant and anti-inflammation can be used as natural drug for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis by scavenge ROS and downregulate TNF- production from peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients [108]; however, green barley juice is part of arthritis therapy [109]. Vitamins in BG have very effective antistress capabilities by preventing reduction in the wheel-running activity and hippocampal mRNA of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in response to restraint stress [95]. However, its effect on cancer cells is yet to be clearly defined. Diness J. G., Bentzen B. H., Srensen U. S., Grunnet M. Role of calcium-activated potassium channels in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology and therapy. Total flavonoid extraction in BG is 94.66mg/100g [35]. Flavonoids especially saponarin and lutonarin in BG have antidiabetic effect; regulate blood pressure; protect liver; have antidepressant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic effects; prevent cardiovascular diseases; have antihypoxia and anti-fatigue effects; and so on (Table 2). Zeng Y., Li Y., Yang J., et al. Furthermore, many studies have used concentrated extracts of barley grass powder, which may not produce the same results as adding barley grass to your diet (12). Although more research is needed, some human and animal studies suggest that barley grass may promote weight loss, improve blood sugar levels, and support heart health. Chronic kidney disease can cause cardiovascular disease and mortality, which is related with vascular calcification and abnormal electrolytes; however, hypocalcemia can cause mortality in patients with heart failure [51]. Liu Q., Wang T., Yu H., Liu B., Jia R. Interaction between interleukin-1 beta and angiotensin II receptor 1 in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus contributes to progression of heart failure. The total polyphenol contents in BG increased from 776.6 to 1060.1 GAE mg/100g between 13 and 40 days after sprouting, but decreased at day 56 to 982.6 GAE mg/100g, in which it has higher antioxidant activity at 40 days after sprouting; ABTS+ scavenging assay, the RC50 values of BG, decreased from 111.0 to 53.3g/mL between 13 and 40 days then increased to 55.3g/mL on day 56 [13]. Therefore, barley grass powder plays an important role for solving human chronic diseases. The reduce epilepsy and preventive dementia [10] as well as antidepressant of the young green barley leaf are regulated by inhibiting the hippocampus levels increased of nerve growth factor [94]. Heres a simple recipe for a barley grass smoothie: Barley grass powder is widely available and can be added to a variety of juices, smoothies, and shakes. Action of an endo-. Barley leaf powder can be incorporated into raw minced pork as natural additives to retard oxidation [116]. The increased potassium intake improves cognitive performance and attenuates histopathological markers in a model of Alzheimer's disease. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. Barley is among the most stress-tolerant crops, its flag leaf -tocopherol, glutathione and succinate content by same genes encoding enzymes of the pathways producing antioxidant metabolites [111]. Exley E. K., Mielenz T. J., Brady T. J., Xiao C., Currey S. S. Use of complementary and alternative medicine among patients with arthritis. The barley seedling (1g/mL) has significant effect on anti-fatigue in mice, especially the exhausting swimming and antianoxic time with significant longer, which reduced blood glucose significantly of diabetes inducted by alloxan (C4H4N2O5) and gastric ulcer induced by alcohol [128]. Choe J.-H., Choi J.-H., Choi Y.-S., et al. Figure 1. BG contains 20 amino acids with energy production, cell building, and regeneration, especially 8 essential amino acids [12, 19]. The central mechanisms are an interaction between angiotensin II receptor 1 and interleukin-1 beta with decrease GABA expression in the paraventricular nucleus contributing to progression in heart failure [150]. The vitamin content (vitamin C, 0.52%, vitamin E, 73.06mg/kg) of BG in Sebastian is higher than that in Malz (0.50%, 61.84mg/kg) and AF Lucius (0.51%, 6.78mg/kg) [65]. Therapeutic strategies for oxidative stress-related cardiovascular diseases: Removal of excess reactive oxygen species in adult stem cells. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. See additional information. Diabetes is an oxidative inflammatory stress disease; however, it is necessary to monitor their vitamin B12 contents [61]. Lineage-specific duplications of genes associated in the transport of nutrients to developing seeds and the mobilization of carbohydrates in barley grains [167]. Piasecka A., Sawikowska A., Krajewski P., Kachlicki P. Combined mass spectrometric and chromatographic methods for in-depth analysis of phenolic secondary metabolites in barley leaves. Barros J., Serrani-Yarce J. C., Chen F., Baxter D., Venables B. J., Dixon R. A. A germinated barley foodstuff is helpful to reduce ulcerative colitis and improves symptoms by promoting the probiotics growth [97]. Mazzucotelli E., Tartari A., Cattivelli L., Forlani G. Metabolism of, Kim H., Hong H. D., Shin K. S. Structure elucidation of an immunostimulatory arabinoxylan-type polysaccharide prepared from young barley leaves (. Barley metallothioneins differ in ontogenetic pattern and response to metals. Wu C., Gopal K. V., Moore E. J., Gross G. W. Antioxidants L-carnitine and D-methionine modulate neuronal activity through GABAergic inhibition. Barley is a versatile grain, packed with vitamins, minerals and other beneficial plant compounds. Gokina N. I., Bonev A. D., Phillips J., et al. Facing cancer oneself, or supporting a loved one with cancer, is a life-altering experience that underscores just how precious life is. The University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center is committed to bettering the health and well-being of people who have -- or are at risk of getting -- cancer: Through research in prevention and early detection Saponarin/lutonarin (4.5/1) from BG has very strong antioxidation using cod liver oil, -3 fatty acids, phospholipids, and blood plasma [156]. K or Ca in BG promotes sleep, has antidiabetic effect, regulates blood pressure, prevents cardiovascular and heart diseases, is a calcium supplement, increases cognition, and so on (Table 2). According to one older study in 36 people with diabetes, taking 15 grams of barley leaf extract for 4 weeks decreased the oxidation of LDL (bad) cholesterol, which is a risk factor for heart disease (9). Download a map of the Elevator Landmark Numbering System Floor 2 Connector (Connects to all buildings). Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent worldwide, which can prevent diabetes, cancer, depression, and so on [63]. Adding barley grass to your diet is a great way to support heart health. BG of Yungong brand can prevent more than 20 chronic diseases, which is associated with its rich functional components, based on its growth stage from autumn via winter to summer, drying process under sunlight at 19002300m at spring with dry and windy conditions; Yunnan province at 19002300m can plant barley in the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) and may be associated with the rich and complex enzyme system in BG. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neural excitability in the mammalian central nervous system with three subclasses of receptors, namely, relaxing, antianxiety, and anticonvulsive; alleviates pain; regulates sleep; and increases cognitive and reproductive effects [28]. Add ingredients to a blender and blend until smooth. BG inhibits the cancer cell growth by the combined effects of high alkaline . Antioxidants L-carnitine (C7H15NO3) and d-methionine (C5H11NO2S) regulate cortical electrical spike activity through GABAA receptor activation [147]; GABAB receptor positive allosteric modulators are very important in the treatment of alcoholism [153]. Proceedings from the ICERP 2016: International Conference on Environmental Research and Public Health; 2017; Warsaw, Poland. Long Q., Hei Y., Luo Q., et al. Barley water's popularity and availability is on the rise, but does it live up to the hype? Functional ingredients of barley grass for therapeutic chronic disease. Other Health Benefits of Barley Grass Barley grass is also able to: Repair DNA Increase motor skills and energy levels Reduce inflammation Increase healthy red blood cells How Barley Grass Prevents and Treats Cancer-and Slows Down Aging Barley grass is a type of nutritional grass which is usually found along roadsides and hedgerows. GABA contents of BG for Fudamai 1 and Fan 11 are 143~183mg/100g and 125~151mg/100g, respectively [24]. Barley grass powder with higher GABA, Ca, K, and tryptophan contents is a very effective functional food in promoting sleep [70]. Ohtake H., Yuasa H., Komura C., Miyauchi T., Hagiwara Y., Kubota K. Studies on the constituents of green juice from young barley leaves: antiulcer activity of fractions from barley juice. Young barley leaf powder has lots of health effects, such as preventive constipation [129]. These compounds act as antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress and protect against chronic disease (1, 5). Sivaranjani N., Rao S. V., Rajeev G. Role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in atopic dermatitis. Minaiyan M., Ghannadi A., Movahedian A., Hakim-Elahi I. Gao T., Zhang M., Fang Z., Zhong Q. Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids from young barley leaves. Green barley extract might exhibit anticancer potential due to its possible antiproliferative and cell-killing effects in human leukaemia . Some studies suggest that barley grass could help you maintain healthy blood sugar levels. Saponarin from barley sprouts inhibits NF-. The antioxidant properties of four Korean barley cultivars at different harvest times and profiling of major metabolites. Hepatic encephalopathy is related with a regional reduce GABA levels in the visual cortex due to liver failure and cerebral osmolytic disorders [143]. Barley Grass has P4D1 enzyme which destroys cancer cells and at the same time immediately repairs damaged DNA molecules of the cells. Chlorophyll has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and reduces fecal, urinary, and body odor [12]. Meng T.-X., Irino N., Kondo R. Melanin biosynthesis inhibitory activity of a compound isolated from young green barley (. The .gov means its official. Yunnan province has the lowest cancer mortality and is the largest producer of anticancer barley, but Shanghai in China has the highest cancer mortality, which is associated with the sharp decline of barley [104]. It's rich in several nutrients and may promote weight loss, enhance heart health, and support better. Seo K. H., Park M. J., Ra J. E., et al. Song W.-Y., Yang H.-C., Shao H.-B., Zheng A.-Z., Brestic M. The alleviative effects of salicylic acid on the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in malting barley (. The ingredient, barley grass extract (Hordeum vulgare L.; Bex) is used to prevent or ameliorate various types of disease. A study on quality components and sleep-promoting effects of GABA black tea. 2-O-Glycosyl isovitexin from BG is more effective than -tocopherol towards fatty acid esters at higher levels [119]. Lutonarin and saponarin account for 7175% of ten phenolics for BG, which contain 24.0mg/100g lutonarin and 14.0mg/100g saponarin [23, 39]. BG and its extract can scavenge oxygen free radicals, improve health, based on protective vascular diseases, and impair the pancreas endocrine of diabetic patients [72, 73]; its dietary fiber has a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar and blood glucose [74]. Mean contents of chlorophyll (SPAD value), soluble solids, betaine, and flavonoid in BG of 100 cultivars are 44.53, 70.39mg/g fresh weigh (FW), 2333.99g/g FW, and 4114.25g/g FW, respectively [25]. Barley grass was shown in the study to induce apoptosis in cancer cell-lines of breast and prostate cancer by increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Moon J. K., Shibamoto T. Antioxidant assays for plant and food components. Barley with preventive inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases has exhibited activities against all human platelet agonists inhibited both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism, which elevated the SOD and GSH-Px activities [3]. Measuring exposure to the polyphenol metabolome in observational epidemiologic studies: current tools and applications and their limits. Effects of, Jin W. J., Kim M. J., Kim K. S. Utilization of barley or wheat bran to bioconvert glutamate to. Barley leaves extracted by methanol and ethanol may be alternatives to synthetic antioxidants in the food industry [114]. Green barley extract has anticancer effect by its antiproliferative and proapoptotic functions on leukemia and lymphoma as well as breast cancer cells of human beings [102]. Authors Sang Mi Woo 1 , Sang-Chul Kwon 2 , Seong Gyu Ko 1 , Sung-Gook Cho 3 Affiliations Normal tryptophan metabolism of barley grass is a developing appropriate therapies for the symptoms of cardiovascular disease patients [126]. Markham K. R., Mitchell K. A. This article discusses the health benefits, If you have celiac disease or follow a gluten-free diet, you might be wondering if barley is safe to eat. Richter A., Peter E., Prs Y., Lorenzen S., Grimm B., Czarnecki O. Therapeutic role of functional components in Alliums for preventive chronic disease in human being. -1,3-1,4-Glucan is a major accumulating component in cell wall of BG [86]. Barley grass juice contains a high concentration of antioxidants, vitamin C, vitamin B5, and vitamin B3. Chen T., Li H.-m., Zou D.-L., Du Y.-Z., Shen Y.-H., Li Y. An increase in K+ intake is a major nutritional approach in preventing hypertension, heart, and Alzheimer's disease as well as improving cognitive performance by decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress [10, 50]. Saponarin in barley grass possesses strong antioxidant activities, which can prevent diseases caused by oxidative damage such as various cancers, inflammations, and cardiovascular diseases [81]. Saponarin showed hepatoprotection and antioxidation against liver damage of CCl4 in vitro and in vivo [88]. 500 polyphenols are distributed across a wide variety of foods; a protective role of dietary polyphenols against chronic diseases includes preventing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer [66], due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and improving blood pressure and lipids as well as insulin resistance, which may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality [67]. Zhao W., Li Y., Ma W., Ge Y., Huang Y. Choe J.-H., Jang A., Choi J.-H., et al. FOIA Templer S. E., Ammon A., Pscheidt D., et al. A fermented barley extract P reduces serum uric acid by increasing its urinary excretion [124]. Photosystem II core dimers began to dissociate monomers at 4050C for heated (1C/min) barley leaves, and chlorophyll-containing protein complexes appeared at 5760C [56]. In vitro and in vivo [ 88 ] a great way to support health... 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Therefore, barley grass powder plays an important role for solving human chronic diseases 2-o-glycosyl isovitexin from BG is effective. Several nutrients and may promote weight loss, enhance heart health, and products for...